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Objective:To understand and explore the psychological experience of standardized patients, in order to provide an effective basis for training and applying standardized patients.Methods:The phenomenological methodology in qualitative research was used in the study, and the Colaizzi 7-step data analysis method was used for analysis the interview recording.Results:The psychological experience of standardized patients can be summarized into three themes: understanding of pressure from medical staffs, the desire for balance the effort and harvest, challenge and growth.Conclusions:Medical staffs need to considere the psychological experience of standardized patients in the training and application, pay more attention to their psychological changes and provide corresponding work and emotional support.
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Objective@#To compare the therapeutic outcomes of adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) and biphasic positive airway pressure(BiPAP) in the treatment of adult chronic heart failure(CHF) patients complicated with complex sleep apnes syndrome(SAS).@*Methods@#34 adult CHF patients complicated with complex SAS were selected and divided into ASV group and BiPAP group according to random number table method, 17cases in each group.The clinical efficacy, polysomonograph(PSG) data and heart function during treatment were compared.@*Results@#The total effective rate of the ASV group was 88.2%(15/17), which was higher than 58.8%(10/17) of the BiPAP group(χ2=7.777, P<0.01). Compared with the BiPAP group, the sleeping efficacy, SpO2 and LVEF significantly increased in the ASV group (t=4.951, P<0.01; t=-5.743, P<0.01), while the AHI and CAI were significantly decreased in the ASV group (t=14.893, P<0.01; t=18.384, P<0.01). Compared with pre-treatment, the heart function parameters of the two groups after treatment were improved.Compared with the BiPAP group after treatment, the LVEF and 6min walking distance were significantly prolonged in the ASV group (t=-6.552, P<0.01; t=-6.720, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Compared with BiPAP, ASA showed better effect in the treatment of CHF patients complicated with complex SAS.It can improve the sleeping efficacy and respiratory disorder, decrease the AHI and CAI, and enhance the heart function, which is worth to be recommended into clinical application.
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Objective To investigate the change of serum vitamin D level in the patients with lower respira-tory tract infection and its correlation with lower respiratory tract infection so as to provide reference for clini-cal treatment.Methods 156 cases of lower respiratory tract infection and 60 persons undergoing healthy phys-ical examination in this hospital were collected as the infection group and healthy control group.The sputum specimens from the infection group conducted the bacterial culture and identification.Then the serum vitamin D levels were analyzed in the two groups.Results The serum vitamin D levels in the infection group and healthy control group were 25.76 ng/mL and 49.81 ng/mL,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).In the infection group,serum vitamin D levels in the patients with klebsiella pneumoniae,Acine-tobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and fungal infection w ere(25.79 ± 7.17),(24.11 ± 10.27),(27.76 ± 9.27),(24.79 ± 6.95),(22.93 ± 3.71)and(30.59 ± 21.31) ng/mL respectively,the difference had statistical significance compared with the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The level of serum vitamin D in the patients with lower respiratory tract infection is lower than that in healthy population.Its level is associated with lower respiratory tract infection,but the specific mech-anism remains to be further studied.
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Objective To investigate the quantity and function of CD8+T cells in peripheral blood of pa-tients with repeated implantation failure(RIF).Methods Thirty-seven patients with RIF and 19 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.The peripheral blood and endometrium were collected during the mid-luteal phase.The percentage of peripheral CD8+T subsets and the levels of perforin and granzyme B of peripheral CD8+T cells were determined by flow cytometry assay.The percentage of endometrial CD8+T cells was detected by IHC,the produc-tion of perforin and granzyme B of endometrial CD8+T cells was detected by IF. Results Compared with the con-trol group,the percentage of peripheral CD8+T cells in patients with RIF was not significantly changed(37.22% vs. 37.15%,P>0.05).However,the porportion of endometrial CD8+T cells in the RIF group was higher than that in the control group(1.99% vs.3.77%,P<0.001).The levels of perforin and granzyme B in peripheral blood and en-dometrial CD8+T cells in patients with RIF were similar with those in the control group.Conclusions Compared to the control group,the percentage of endometrial CD8+T was markedly upregulated in patients with RIF.However, the production of perforin and granzyme B were similar between the control group and the RIF group.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression characteristics of human beta-defensin-2 (HBD-2) mRNA and protein in salivary gland benign and malignant tumor tissues, as well as in salivary gland inflammation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of HBD-2 in salivary gland benign tumor, salivary gland cancer, inflammation tissues and normal salivary gland tissues were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time PCR) and immunohistochemical. The differences expression of HBD-2 mRNA and protein were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RT-PCR results showed that HBD-2 mRNA expression in salivary gland benign tumors, salivary gland cancer, and inflammation tissues was 6.468-, 0.334-, and 10.563-fold higher than that in normal tissues, respectively (P < 0.05). HBD-2 was expressed in the nuclei of these organs and malignant tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HBD-2 mRNA and protein expressions are significantly increased in salivary gland benign tumor tissues and inflammation tissues compared with those in normal salivary gland tissues, but are significantly decreased in salivary gland cancer. The protein nuclear transfer in salivary gland cancer tissues is also significantly increased.</p>
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Humans , Inflammation , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Messenger , Salivary Gland Neoplasms , Salivary Glands , beta-DefensinsABSTRACT
Ames Salmonella assay and sister chro-matid exchanges in CHO cell were used to study the mutagenicity of Size-fractionated indoor air particles from the areas with high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei county.Two states skin tumor test was used to study the Carcinogenicity.The results indicate that:all size-fractionated Particles have mutagenicity and carcinogenicity,the more the size is smaller,the more the mutagenicity and carcinogencity is stronger.
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Aim To investigate whether ischemic postconditioning could induce ischemic tolerance to focal cerebral reperfusion injury and comparison with ischemic preconditioning. Methods A reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)was used in this study. Fifty male Sprague-dawley rats were randomized into five groups(n=10): sham-operated group,MCAO group,preconditioning group, postconditioning group and nimodipin group . The neurological function was scored and the infarct volume was measured after operation. The grouping,experimental methods and procedures of another fifty rats were as above except that ipsilateral brain of infarction was dissected and made into homogenate,then the contents of MDA,SOD,GSH and LA were quantitatively measured. Results The postconditioning and preconditioning improved the neurological function,reduced the cerebral infarction volumes and cerebral swelling significantly compared with those of the MCAO group. Contents of LA and MDA were lower, while the activity of SOD in the brain tissues were higher in preconditioning group and postconditioning group than those of the MCAO group. Conclusion Postconditioning could induce brain tolerance, and increase the antioxidant activity, which might be an important mechanism of induction of brain tolerance.